Answered By: Katie Hutchison
Last Updated: Aug 08, 2016     Views: 11074

APA - citing Papal Encyclicals

Hard copy: Author. Vatican. Title. Date created. 

Online copy: Author. Vatican. Title. Date created. Date retrieved. <web address>. 

 

Examples:

Hard copy: John Paul II. Vatican. Evangelium Vitae. 25 March 1995.

Online copy: John Paul II. Vatican. Evangelium Vitae. 25 March 1995. 19 March 2013. <http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/john_paul_ii/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_25031995_evangelium-vitae_en.html>.
 

In-text citation: (John Paul II, Evangelium Vitae 14-16)

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MLA

MLA does not have a citation style for Encyclicals or other official Church documents. This is a commonly used format:

Hard copy: Latin title (if applicable), English translation. Promulgator. [Publication city]: Publication Date.

Online copy: Latin title (if applicable), English translation. Promulgator. [Publication city]: Publication Date.Web. Retrieval Date. <web address>.

 

Examples

Hard copy:

Evangelium Vitae. Promulgated by Pope John Paul II. [Vatican City]: 1995.

 

Online copy:

NOTE: MLA no longer requires the use of URLs in MLA citations. Because Web addresses are not static (i.e., they change often) and because documents sometimes appear in multiple places on the Web (e.g., on multiple databases), MLA explains that most readers can find electronic sources via title or author searches in Internet Search Engines.

For instructors or editors that still wish to require the use of URLs, MLA suggests that the URL appear in angle brackets after the date of access.

Evangelium Vitae. Promulgated by Pope John Paul II. [Vatican City]: 1995. Web. 19 March 2013. <http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/john_paul_ii/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_25031995_evangelium-vitae_en.html>.

 

In-text citation: 

It is generally agreed that well known texts can be cited simply by customary Latin title (or the first few words), followed by what paragraph is being used.

Example:

(Evangelium Vitae par. 4)

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